A hierarchical algorithm for vehicle-to-grid integration under line capacity constraints

Andres Cortés and Sonia Martínez
European Journal of Control, 47 (2019) 53-63

Abstract:

This work deals with the coordinated charging/discharging of a population of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). We introduce a framework in which the power grid is modeled as an undirected rooted tree, the root of this tree represents the generation/transmission side of the system and the leaves represent PEVs. Then, we propose a hierarchical algorithm for the computation of the PEVs' charging/discharging profiles. The root generates a control signal based on the price per unit of power according to the demand for each time. Intermediate nodes represent congestible elements on the distribution side (e.g., transformers), which have a bound on the demand they can satisfy. In the proposed algorithm, intermediate nodes modify the control signal according to the difference between the demand they take care of, and its capacity upper bound. PEVs update their charging/discharging strategies according to this pricing signal. A proof of algorithm convergence to the optimizer of the problem is provided. Simulations demonstrate the algorithm performance for a particular example.

File: (Science Direct)

Bib-tex entry:

@article{AC-SM:19-ejc,
author = {A. Cort\'es and S. Mart{\'\i}nez},
title = {A hierarchical demand-response algorithm for vehicle-to-grid integration},
journal= {European Journal of Control},
year = {2019},
volume = 47,
pages = {53--63}
}